One of COP30’s headline achievements was the Belém Political Package, a collection of 29 decisions designed to steer climate action more decisively in the years ahead. The package is a bundle of political signals, frameworks, and new mechanisms intended to accelerate progress across adaptation, finance, justice, health, and more.
The Brazilian presidency presented this collection as a “Global Mutirão”. Mutirão is a Portuguese term meaning collective action. The Global Mutirão is the political context for the Belém Political Package. With the agreement of the package, a global mobilisation effort was launched.
The following explores the package’s key components, why they matter, and where gaps remain.
What Is the Belém Political Package?
The package is a political roadmap agreed by 195 Parties at COP30. The agreement shifts away from focusing solely on long-term goals and towards building the political and financial frameworks needed to deliver them.
The Most Significant Outcomes
1. A Political Push to Triple Adaptation Finance by 2035
A prominent outcome was the collective call to triple adaptation finance by 2035. Although not a legally binding agreement, the pledge is supported by the Baku–Belém Roadmap for 2026–2028, which sets out steps for scaling finance and improving accountability. Adaptation is no longer being treated as secondary to mitigation.
2. A New Global Mechanism for a “Just Transition”
The package launched a dedicated just transition mechanism to help countries move towards low-carbon economies while protecting workers, communities, and critical sectors. It introduces voluntary indicators spanning energy access, food systems, water security, health resilience, labour markets, and infrastructure.
3. The “Belém Mission to 1.5°C” and a Focus on Implementation
Two complementary initiatives emerged:
The Belém Mission to 1.5°C
- A diplomatic effort to encourage more ambitious NDC’s in order to stay aligned with the Paris Agreement 1.5°C goal.
The Global Implementation Accelerator
- A platform designed to help countries move from planning to tangible delivery of their NDCs.
Both initiatives rely on voluntary participation, so their efficacy will depend on how parties respond.
4. Tracking Progress on Adaptation
Countries agreed on 59 voluntary indicators to track progress towards the Global Goal on Adaptation. This is the most comprehensive attempt yet to create a shared measurement framework for adaptation across ecosystems, health, infrastructure, water systems, livelihoods, and agriculture. However, the challenge remains of ensuring consistency without any binding reporting obligations.
5. A Two-Year Programme on Climate Finance
A structured climate finance programme for the 2026–2028 period was established to strengthen Article 9 of the Paris Agreement. Article 9 stipulates that developed countries must provide financial resources to assist developing countries with mitigation and adaptation.
While the 2026-2028 programme does not introduce new funding obligations, it aims to make climate finance more predictable, responsive and better targeted.
6. A Stronger Emphasis on Health and Gender
Two socially focused initiatives were also brought forward:
- A Belém Health Action Plan, intended to bolster climate-resilient health systems.
- An updated Gender Action Plan, reaffirming the importance of gender-responsive climate policy.
7. Technology and Trade Considerations
The package broadens cooperation on technology transfer, innovation, and capacity building. These are areas essential for countries still developing their clean-energy systems. It also touches climate-relevant trade, recognising that trade policy shapes the pace and distribution of decarbonisation.
Capacity building covers multiple avenues: training a skilled workforce for the energy transition, developing the physical infrastructure for clean energy, securing investment and funding; and establishing regulatory frameworks and governance that support climate action.
Storelectric is actively supporting capacity building by developing large-scale energy storage solutions that enable grid flexibility, create green jobs, and accelerate renewable integration.
8. The Missing Piece: A Fossil Fuel Phase-Out
The most notable omission is the absence of a formal fossil fuel phase-out commitment. Despite pressure from many Parties, consensus could not be reached. Instead, Brazil proposed long-term “transition away” roadmaps, falling short of the strong signal many had hoped for.
Why the Belém Political Package has been Celebrated
- It restores political momentum at a fragile moment for global climate governance.
- It elevates adaptation to a status much closer to mitigation.
- It provides concrete tools (indicators, roadmaps, frameworks) that can help convert ambition into implementation.
- It embeds social considerations (health, gender, livelihoods) more firmly into climate policy.
Why the Belém Political Package has been Criticised
- The absence of a fossil fuel phase-out undermines the overall ambition.
- Heavy reliance on voluntary indicators and initiatives risks weakening accountability.
The Impact of the Belém Political Package
The Belém Political Package is intended to shape global climate policy throughout the rest of the decade. By uniting 195 countries behind a shared set of priorities, it strengthens the global agenda on adaptation, just transition, and climate-resilient development. It also builds the scaffolding needed to track progress and support implementation.
All 29 Decisions of the Belém Political Package
| Theme | Decision Title | Key Action | |
| Adaptation | Global Goal on Adaptation Framework | Adoption of 59 voluntary indicators | |
| Adaptation | Baku Adaptation Roadmap | Implementation plan for 2026–2028 | |
| Adaptation | Adaptation Finance Scaling | Triple by 2035 | |
| Adaptation | National Adaptation Plans Support | Enhanced technical and financial assistance | |
| Adaptation | Early Warning Systems | Strengthening climate risk monitoring | |
| Adaptation | Resilience for Vulnerable Communities | Focus on food, water, health, ecosystems | |
| Climate Finance | $1.3 Trillion Annual Mobilization Target | Mobilization by 2035 | |
| Climate Finance | Loss and Damage Fund | Operationalization and replenishment cycles | |
| Climate Finance | New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) | Negotiation roadmap for post-2025 finance | |
| Climate Finance | Private Sector Engagement | Incentives for green investment | |
| Climate Finance | Debt Relief & Climate Finance Synergy | Explore debt-for-climate swaps | |
| Mitigation & Ambition | Belém Mission to 1.5°C | Encourage stronger NDCs | |
| Mitigation & Ambition | Global Implementation Accelerator | Support for moving from planning to action | |
| Mitigation & Ambition | Sectoral Decarbonization Initiatives | Energy, transport, industry | |
| Mitigation & Ambition | Reference to UAE Consensus | Transitioning away from fossil fuels | |
| Just Transition | Just Transition Mechanism | Equity for workers and communities | |
| Just Transition | Skills Development & Reskilling | Training programs for green jobs | |
| Just Transition | Social Protection Measures | Safety nets during transition | |
| Gender & Inclusion | Gender Action Plan | Gender-responsive budgeting and leadership | |
| Gender & Inclusion | Indigenous & Rural Women Empowerment | Dedicated support programs | |
| Gender & Inclusion | National Gender Focal Points | Strengthened roles and resources | |
| Transparency & Reporting | Enhanced Article 13 Reporting | Biennial transparency reports synthesis | |
| Transparency & Reporting | Climate Disinformation Countermeasures | Promote information integrity | |
| Transparency & Reporting | Digital Tools for MRV | Measurement, reporting, and verification improvements | |
| Trade & Cooperation | Address Trade-Restrictive Measures | Dialogue on climate-related trade policies | |
| Trade & Cooperation | International Cooperation Platforms | Strengthen multilateral partnerships | |
| Global Stocktake & Governance | Next Global Stocktake Cycle | Procedural and logistical decisions | |
| Global Stocktake & Governance | UAE Dialogue Continuation | Implement stocktake outcomes | |
| Political Declaration | Mutirão Decision | Reaffirms ambition and shift from negotiation to implementation | |
